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ABSTRACT In this paper, we argue that the role of the Dutch State has been (a) significant in the spread of management knowledge in the Dutch management community but (b) changed dramatically during the nineteen eighties. After the World War II, the Dutch government played an important role in the development of an institutionalized network to spread management knowledge through the management community. The government stimulated the introduction of new ideas by assisting in the development of different new institutions. In the nineteen eighties, however, the position of the government changed dramatically. Its role as distributor of knowledge disappeared almost completely and was taken over by consulting agencies, commercial publisher, and conference organizers. Besides the decreasing role as distributor, the government also changed its own interest. More and more, government agencies started to use management knowledge themselves and turned into one of the largest users in the Netherlands.

As the world has become dependent on digital solutions for development in social, economic and political contexts, countries are categorised regarding the level of digitalisation. In this regard, Internet is an essential element, where digital solutions are reliant on connecting citizens. In Myanmar the transition towards digitalisation has occurred only in recent years. The country has seen a huge change from being one of the least digitalised countries before 2010, to becoming one of the most digitalised developing countries today (Calderaro, 2016; Telenor, 2018). The digital development has contributed to many opportunities, but also several challenges and risks. Internet and social media can contribute to business opportunities, where especially women are becoming more social and economic empowered, but it has also resulted in the spreading of hate speech. In economic terms, Internet access has contributed to economic growth, increased trade and digital financial solutions, but the lack of cyber capabilities and regulations restrict the effectiveness of these improvements. Statistically, Internet access demonstrates a digital progress in Myanmar, with number of Internet users and mobile phone owners continuously rising. Nonetheless, digital divides provide a huge challenge in ensuring universal and affordable access to Internet, where gender, demography and skills are relevant elements. This thesis will discuss how social, economic and political aspects are affected by increased access to Internet in Myanmar, and assess the current situation of Internet, both in relation to the sociotechnical transitions approach. ; submittedVersion ; M-DS

Economic experiments yield lessons to firms that can be acquired only through market experience. Economic experiments cannot take place in a laboratory; scientists, engineers, or marketing executives cannot distill equivalent lessons from simply building a prototype or interviewing potential customers and vendors. The historical record illustrates that economic experiments were important for value creation in Internet access markets. In general, industry-wide returns from economic experiments exceed private returns, with several important exceptions. Those conclusions motivate an inquiry into whether regulatory policy can play a role in fostering the creation of value. The net neutrality debate is reinterpreted through this lens. A three part test is proposed for encouraging economic experiments from both broadband carriers and providers of complementary services.

There are times in our history where new technologies burst onto the scene and have a major impact on our lives. We live in one such time. The Internet is revolutionizing how people and organizations interact with each other. Examples of these paradigm changes include how students are now being educated online with minimal face time with their teachers; governments are being forced to adapt to the new circumstance where once formidable geographical boundaries between countries are being lowered by information technology; and the military is realizing that it needs to harness this new technology or be defeated by it.